OCD and ADHD: How Are They Connected?

Nowadays, both obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have become somewhat common terms in the mental health atmosphere. Plus, with the internet at our fingertips, it isn’t hard to look each of these up and get an overview of information.

Self-diagnosing is never recommended, especially based on internet data. It’s important to note that with OCD and ADHD, there is often confusion and misdiagnosis that occurs. That being said, it never hurts to do your research and gain an understanding of what may be going on with you.

If OCD or ADHD are on your radar, they can be closely connected. Here's a look at the link between the two.

The Basics of OCD

OCD is an anxiety disorder that is characterized by having obsessions that lead to compulsions or some type of repetitive action. Common OCD obsessions include a need for order and symmetry, thoughts of self harm, thoughts of harming someone else, and fear of contamination.

Common OCD compulsions include arranging items to meet that symmetry need, checking and rechecking yourself, establishing rituals, and undergoing extreme cleaning/sanitation habits.

The Basics of ADHD

ADHD is a type of neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by inattention, impulsive, and very active behavior. When you have ADHD, you can have any combination of these symptoms.

Common signs of ADHD include poor concentration, being easily distracted, forgetfulness, disorganization, high activity, and a talkative nature.

The Impact on the Brain

Both OCD and ADHD are technically two separate disorders, but both have a similar neurological connection. OCD and ADHD can have an effect on the area of the brain that controls your executive functioning, also known as the prefrontal cortex. Any disruption in this part of the brain can make planning, maintaining attention, and controlling impulses more challenging.

Each of these can also influence your hormones and neurotransmitters. You may be familiar with the terms dopamine and serotonin. When impacted, it can have an impact on your mood, motivation, and behavior.

Genetic Similarities

Research has indicated that there may be a genetic tie giving more of a predisposition to both of these conditions. Additionally, households where family members have a history of OCD or ADHD are more likely to pass both of these disorders on.

Shared Symptoms

Both of these disorders can present very similarly due to some overlapping of symptoms. Anxiety and depression commonly occur with both. They can result in mood changes, like the onset of anger. In some instances, there may be disrupted sleep or digestive issues.

In addition to the executive function challenges, there are repetitive behaviors associated with both. With OCD, this is often manifested as rituals or routines. For ADHD, this may look like a need for constant movement or hyperactivity.

Diagnosis

As more research has been done and data has been collected, it’s become apparent that OCD and ADHD can be coexisting conditions. Diagnosing one over the other can be a challenge, but identifying that both are present simultaneously can up the difficulty level.

Up to 30% of people with OCD also meet the criteria for ADHD and vice versa. In order to distinguish between the two, you would need to undergo a comprehensive psychological assessment.

Treatment

Both OCD and ADHD can be managed with the proper course of treatment. This may include coping strategies, medication regimens, structured routines, and professional intervention.

Working with a mental health professional can help facilitate that personalized treatment course. You don’t have to suffer through the day-to-day difficulties on your own.

If you’re curious about OCD, ADHD, or the course of treatment, like trauma or anxiety therapy, we’re here to help. Use our contact information to schedule an appointment.